The immune system is one of the most complicated bodily systems. It involves hundreds (if not thousands) of molecules working in concert to defend against microbial threats. Central to this response are amino acids – the building blocks of proteins.

SUPREMEplex™ contains several amino acids proven to bolster your immune system and promote microbial resistance. These include arginine, lysine, histidine, and glutamic acid, as well as others like threonine, valine, and isoleucine, which collectively support immunity in various ways.

Lysine, for example, enhances the production of antibodies, which are crucial for identifying and neutralizing harmful pathogens. Antibodies attach themselves to invaders like bacteria and viruses, effectively tagging them for removal. In one study, increasing the presence of lysine-containing peptides significantly boosted antibody production, which helped reinforce the body’s natural defenses, ensuring pathogens are more efficiently filtered out.

Arginine, on the other hand, is vital for T-cell function, wound healing, and nitric oxide production. T-cells form the immune system’s front line in battling microbial attackers. Arginine strengthens T-cell potency by increasing the expression of CD3ζ, a receptor essential for T-cell activity. This amino acid also aids in the production of memory-like T-cells with enhanced survival capacity, helping the immune system retain information about past infections.

Histidine is the precursor for histamine, facilitating the movement of white blood cells to infection sites, while glutamic acid is essential for supporting lymphocyte and cytokine production, both of which are key components in the immune response.

Other amino acids like threonine, valine, and isoleucine have supporting immune roles. Threonine aids in maintaining the gut barrier against pathogens, valine promotes tissue repair and cellular growth, and isoleucine assists with energy production during immune responses, helping sustain the body’s defenses.

References

1. Calder PC, Yaqoob P. Glutamine and the immune system. Amino acids. 1999 Sep;17:227-41.
2. Franěk F, Eckschlager T, Katinger H. Enhancement of monoclonal antibody production by lysine‐containing peptides. Biotechnology progress. 2003;19(1):169-74.
3. Geiger R, Rieckmann JC, Wolf T, Basso C, Feng Y, Fuhrer T, Kogadeeva M, Picotti P, Meissner F, Mann M, Zamboni N. L-arginine modulates T cell metabolism and enhances survival and anti-tumor activity. Cell. 2016 Oct 20;167(3):829-42.
4. Gu C, Mao X, Chen D, Yu B, Yang Q. Isoleucine plays an important role for maintaining immune function. Current Protein and Peptide Science. 2019 Jul 1;20(7):644-51.
5. Mao X, Zeng X, Qiao S, Wu G, Li D. Specific roles of threonine in intestinal mucosal integrity and barrier function. Front Biosci. 2011 Jun 1;3(4):1192-200.
6. Perez-Burgos L, Peters AH, Opravil S, Kauer M, Mechtler K, Jenuwein T. Generation and characterization of methyl-lysine histone antibodies. Methods in enzymology. 2003 Jan 1;376:234-54.
7. Zea AH, Rodriguez PC, Culotta KS, Hernandez CP, DeSalvo J, Ochoa JB, Park HJ, Zabaleta J, Ochoa AC. l-Arginine modulates CD3ζ expression and T cell function in activated human T lymphocytes. Cellular immunology. 2004 Nov 1;232(1-2):21-31.